Harness for cross weaving



- April 9, 1957 F. H. KAUFMANN HARNESS FOR CROSS WEAVING Filed Sept. 21, 1954 INVENTQR flan/f E 1Y4 a/mann BY &4. @.Z*

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a a a u 1 n 1 a w /w & M f 4 4 9 n7//////// w a 3 a Z M a 1 limited States Patent HARNESS FOR cRoss WEAVING Frank H. Kaufmaun, Huntingdon Valley, Pa., assignor to Steel Heddle Manufacturing Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application September 21, 1954, Serial No. 457,423

" 2 Claims. (Cl. 139-51) This invention relates to harness for cross weaving, that is, to harness for use in that method of weaving lrnown as cross weaving, sometimes called doup weaving, or gauze weaving, in which the warp threads, arranged in pairs, are crossed and twisted about each other at as many points in the shed as may be desirable, either for a succession of picks or for single picks arranged according to a pattern or design to be produced.

On August 27, 1912,'there was issued to the Steel Heddle Manufacturing Company, as assignee of Jacob Kaufmann, U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,037,151, for Harness for Cross Weaving. The harness covered by that patent has been widely used, and the same has largely supplanted other forms of harness for cross weaving. Since the invention described in the aforesaid patent was introduced, there have been no very substantial improvements made relative thereto.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide flat metal harness for cross weaving, of the type described in the aforesaid Patent No. 1,037,151 which, however, will be considerably easier in its action, and which will greatly facilitate the operation of the loom in which the same is used. By means of the present invention a considerably greater speed of the loom is pos sible, and production thereby greatly increased, and this without any diminution of the quality of the goods.

The nature and characteristic features of the present invention will be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accom panying drawing forming part hereof, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a pair of loom harness frames having mounted therein sets of heddles, embody ing the present invention, for controlling pairs of warp ends in such manner as to doup or cross the warp ends by the manipulation of the frames;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary detail view of one set of heddles, the same being shown in the neutral position with the doup warp lowered, and the standard warp raised slightly above the doup warp;

Fig. 3 is a similar view, but with. the heddles shown in shifted relationship to cause the doup warp to be raised and to pass to the desired side of the standard warp; and

Fig. 4 is an edge view, enlarged, of the central portion of a lifting heddle, showing the eye portion of the doup needle engaged thereby.

In the present invention there are provided, in each set of heddles, a doup heddle or needle, and a pair of lifting heddles which may in many respects be similar to those shown in the aforesaid Patent No. 1,037,151, the lower portions of which lifting heddles, however, are shaped in a novel form as will hereinafter be more fully set forth.

The doup heddle or needle in each set is substantially the same as in the aforesaid Patent No. 1,037,151, with the exception that the lower ends thereof do not have to be spread to the same extent as in said Patent No. 1,037,- 151, as will hereafter appear.

As shown in the aforesaid patent, each doup heddle or needle 7 is preferably made by punching or stamping the same from a thin flat strip of metal, and has at one end an eye portion 8, lying in a single plane, and in which the eye 9, for the controlling of the doup warp 10, is located. The outer margin 11 of the eye end 8 of the doup heddle 7 is arched or curved, while the inner under margin 12 of the eye end 8 is preferably flat. Depending downwardly, from the eye end 8 of the doup heddle 7, are two legs 13 which terminate at their lower extremities in enlarged portions 14, each of which is provided with a mortise or slot 15 for the passage therethrough, on each face of the harness, of a bar or rod 6 for the return of the doup heddles 7 to the neutral location in the ordinary and well known manner.

As in the aforesaid Patent No. 1,037,151, there are provided, for each set of heddles, two guide or lifting heddles 16, each of which is made of two flat strips of metal or wire 17 and 18, interlaced at their central portions and also at their upper mortised ends, as fully shown and described in the aforesaid patent, so that there is provided, at the center of each composite lifting heddle, a seat 22 for the inner under margin 12 of the eye portion 8 of the doup heddle 7, the arrangement being such that when either lifting heddle is raised above the neutral position shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, it will take with it the doup needle 7 and thereby raise the doup warp 10 above the standard warp 30 according to which lifting heddle is raised.

In the aforesaid Patent No.1,037,151, each composite guide or lift-ing heddle 16, as there shown, at or about its medial portion, is bent or offset out of a straight longitudinal extension, as at 28, extending in diverging relationship as shown more particularly in Fig. 1 of the drawing of that patent. The same arrangement is used in the present invention, the olfsetting of the lifting heddles, as at 28, being for the purpose of providing, between the upper portions of the lifting heddles, a definite space in which the crossing of the warp ends may take place.

The upper portions of the composite lifting heddles 16 extend upwardly in substantially parallel spaced relationship to their upper end portions, which are mortised, as at 24, for mounting the upper ends of the lifting heddles on the heddle rods 31, which are carried in heddle frames 32 of the usual and ordinary type.

The present invention relates more particularly to the formation of the lower portions of the lifting heddles 16, below the lower ends of the offset portions 28 so that, extending downwardly from the place where the eye portions of the doup heddles are engaged by the lifting heddles, the lower portions of said lifting heddles are disposed substantially parallel, and in close relationship with respect to each other.

However, at the lower ends of the lifting heddles, beginning at a point immediately below the lower ends of the legs 13 of the doup heddles, when the heddles are in the neutral positions, said lower portions of the lifting heddles are each offset outwardly, as at 33, and thence extend vertically downward again in parallel relationship, in which vertical lower end portions of the lifting heddles there are provided mortises 34, through which pass the heddle rods 35, provided at the lower portions of the harness frames, for the mounting of the lower ends of the lifting heddles thereon.

it will be noted that, in the foregoing arrangement, there is a considerable diminution in the necessary spread of the lower ends of the legs 13 of the doup heddles 7, and by reason of the close parallel relationship of the lower portion of the lifting heddles below the point of engagement with the doup heddles, in the raising and lowering of the frames for controlling the lifting heddles, a considerably easier action will result. Also, in the use of the harness of the present invention there will be Patented Apr. 9, 1957 less fouling of the parts, and the looms may be considerably increased in speed, and in any event, a better and larger production will be obtainable.

I claim:

LlIn harness for cross weaving, a pair of heddle frames, each having upper and lower heddle rods, sets of heddles mounted therein, each set of heddles including a doup needle comprising a thin fiat piece of metal having an eye portion with an eye through which a doup warp extends and two legs extending downwardly therefrom, and a pair of lifting heddles each having a seat portion engaging the eye portion of the doup needle, said lifting heddles being offset above their seat portions in diverging relationship and thence extending upwardly in separated spaced relationship to mortised upper end portions for mounting the same on the upper heddle rods of the frames, the separation of the upper portions of the lifting heddles providing a space therebetween through which a standard warp extends, said lifting heddles extending downwardly from their seat portions in close parallel relationship to below the lower ends of the legs of the doup needle, said downwardly extending portions of the lifting heddles thence being offset in diverging relationship to mortised end portions for mounting the same on the lower heddle rods of the frames.

2. In harness for cross weaving, a pair of heddle frames, each having upper and lower heddle rods, sets of heddles mounted therein, each set of heddles includ: ing a doup needle comprising a thin fiat piece of metal having an eye portion with an eye through which a doup warp extends and two legs extending downwardly therefrom, and a pair of lifting heddles each having a. seat portion engaging the eye portion of the doup needle, said lifting heddles being offset above their seat portions in diverging relationship and thence extending upwardly in separated spaced relationship to mortiscd upper end portions for mounting the same on the upper heddle rods of the frames, the separation of the upper portions of the lifting heddles providing a space therebetween through which a standard warp extends, said lifting heddles extending downwardly from their seat portions in close parallel relationship to below the lower ends of the legs of the doup needle, said downwardly extending portions of the lifting heddles thence being offset in diverging relationship, and having parallel vertical mortised end portions for mounting the same on the lower heddle rods of the frames.

Kaufmann Jan. 26, 1937 Caron Apr. 7, 1942 

